Tithing, the practice of giving one-tenth of one’s income to the church, has been a cornerstone of Christian financial practice for centuries. However, in recent years, particularly within the Nigerian church and among international ministries, tithing has become a highly contentious issue. Some pastors, such as Abel Damina, Creflo Dollar, Benny Hinn, David Oyedepo, and Paul Eneche, have adjusted or redefined their teachings on tithing, leading to debates and disagreements within the Christian community. This article explores the historical significance of tithing, the evolving modern interpretations, and the controversies surrounding the practice today.
The Historical Basis and Biblical Significance of Tithing
Tithing has its roots in the Old Testament, where it was introduced as a system for the support of Levites and the poor. The Bible refers to the practice multiple times, with key verses found in Genesis 14:19-20, where Abraham gives a tenth of his spoils to Melchizedek, and Malachi 3:10, which is often quoted in support of tithing in the church: “Bring the whole tithe into the storehouse, that there may be food in my house. Test me in this, says the Lord Almighty, and see if I will not throw open the floodgates of heaven and pour out so much blessing that you will not have room enough for it.”
The traditional interpretation of tithing has been that it is a commandment for believers to give 10% of their income to the church or to God’s work. Historically, this was seen as a necessary act of obedience to God, a way of honouring Him through financial contribution, and ensuring that the religious community had the resources to thrive.
Modern Changes in Tithing Teachings
As times have changed, so have the interpretations of biblical principles surrounding tithing. In many Christian circles, particularly in Nigeria and other parts of Africa, pastors have adapted the practice to fit contemporary financial realities and church growth strategies.
- Abel Damina has openly rejected the traditional practice of tithing, arguing that it is not a New Testament command. He posits that under the new covenant, believers are not required to give 10% of their income, emphasising that grace rather than the law should be the guiding principle in financial contributions to the church. His stance represents a significant departure from mainstream teachings.
- Creflo Dollar, a well-known American preacher, also caused controversy when he publicly denounced his previous teachings on tithing. In 2022, Dollar admitted that he had misunderstood the doctrine and issued a public apology, stating that tithing is not a requirement for Christians but rather a voluntary act. His admission resonated with many who had long questioned the financial burden placed on congregants, especially in light of lavish lifestyles of some church leaders.
- Benny Hinn, a prominent televangelist, similarly adjusted his teachings on tithing. In the past, Hinn had strongly emphasised the importance of tithing, often linking it to blessings and prosperity. However, he has since softened his stance, encouraging believers to give freely and generously, without the rigid expectation of tithing 10%.
- David Oyedepo, the founder of Living Faith Church (also known as Winners Chapel), is a staunch advocate for tithing. Oyedepo has continually reinforced the idea that tithing is a biblical command and that failure to tithe can lead to financial struggles. This view aligns with the prosperity gospel, which teaches that giving to the church will result in material blessings from God.
- Paul Eneche, senior pastor of Dunamis International Gospel Centre, is another Nigerian pastor who strongly supports the practice of tithing. Eneche encourages believers to tithe as a way of unlocking God’s blessings, viewing it as an act of faith and obedience to divine principles. His teachings on tithing are consistent with traditional interpretations, though he stresses the importance of cheerful giving.
Controversies and Concerns
The debate around tithing has sparked several controversies within the Christian community. Critics, especially in Nigeria, argue that the modern emphasis on tithing has led to financial exploitation, with many church leaders promoting tithing as a means of personal enrichment rather than a biblical requirement. Some of the key concerns are as follows:
- Financial Exploitation
Many churchgoers feel burdened by the expectation to tithe 10% of their income, particularly in a society where financial instability is common. Critics argue that some pastors live in luxury, with expensive cars, private jets, and lavish homes, while their congregants struggle to make ends meet. This disparity has led to accusations of financial manipulation. - Misinterpretation of Scripture
A major point of contention is the interpretation of Scripture regarding tithing. While traditionalists argue that tithing is a biblical command, others, like Damina and Dollar, suggest that it is a practice based on the Old Testament law that no longer applies to Christians under the New Covenant. This leads to theological debates about what the Bible truly says about tithing. - Ethical Concerns about Tithe Funds
Ethical concerns regarding the use of tithe funds are also prevalent. In many cases, there is little transparency about how tithe money is spent. Churches often fail to provide clear accountability or audit their financial statements, leading to mistrust and accusations of financial mismanagement. Church members question whether their tithes are being used for community outreach, charitable causes, or solely for the personal gain of church leadership.
Arguments For and Against Tithing
Arguments For Tithing
- Obedience to God: Proponents argue that tithing is an act of obedience to God’s Word. It is viewed as a way to honour God with one’s finances and support the work of the church, especially in reaching out to the poor, supporting missionaries, and expanding the kingdom of God.
- Prosperity and Blessings: Many pastors teach that tithing brings blessings and financial prosperity, as promised in Malachi 3:10, which suggests that God will bless those who bring their tithes into the storehouse.
Arguments Against Tithing
- Legalistic Burden: Critics argue that the modern emphasis on tithing has become legalistic and burdensome. Some people feel that they are being coerced into giving money they cannot afford, which can create financial hardship.
- New Testament Grace: Opponents point out that in the New Testament, the apostle Paul speaks of giving as a matter of grace, not obligation. The focus is on generous and cheerful giving, not a fixed 10%.
The Future of Tithing
The future of tithing in the global church context appears to be shifting. As more pastors question traditional teachings and more congregants seek transparency and accountability, there may be a move towards more voluntary and grace-based giving. Additionally, as churches increasingly embrace technology and digital giving, the way tithes are collected and managed may undergo significant changes.
Ultimately, the future of tithing will depend on how the church balances financial needs with ethical practices and biblical teachings. A focus on transparency, voluntary giving, and the wise use of resources may help mitigate some of the controversies surrounding the practice and encourage healthier, more responsible financial stewardship within the church.
Conclusion
Tithing, as a practice, remains a controversial topic within Christianity, particularly in the Nigerian church and among international ministries. While some pastors have adapted their teachings to reflect a more grace-based approach, others continue to emphasise the traditional 10% tithe as a biblical requirement. The debate raises important ethical, financial, and theological questions that need to be addressed with integrity and openness. As the church continues to evolve, so too will the discussions around tithing, with the hope that these conversations will lead to greater understanding and more ethical practices in the future.
